{"id":1563,"date":"2026-03-18T13:11:53","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T11:11:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gynaikologos-komotini.gr\/?p=1563"},"modified":"2026-06-18T13:50:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T10:50:00","slug":"histerosalpingo-kontrast-sonografi-hycosy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gynaikologos-komotini.gr\/tr\/histerosalpingo-kontrast-sonografi-hycosy\/","title":{"rendered":"histerosalpingo-kontrast sonografi (HyCoSy)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Fallop t\u00fcplerinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi, infertil kad\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcbal patoloji kad\u0131n infertilitesinin %30\u201340\u2019\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcplerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde alt\u0131n standart y\u00f6ntem, laparoskopi s\u0131ras\u0131nda serviks yoluyla metilen mavisi verilmesi ve ard\u0131ndan boyan\u0131n t\u00fcplerin fimbrial u\u00e7lar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlenmesiyle a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frulanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu y\u00f6ntem invaziv ve maliyetli oldu\u011fundan, g\u00fcnl\u00fck klinik uygulamada b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde klasik histerosalpingografi (HSG) ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte HSG\u2019nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca dezavantajlar\u0131 iyonize radyasyona maruz kalma ve kullan\u0131lan kontrast maddenin ge\u00e7i\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Konvansiyonel histerosalpingografi (HSG)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bu dezavantajlar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek amac\u0131yla, hava ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kontrast madde\/fizyolojik serum kullan\u0131lan histerosalpingo-kontrast sonografi (HyCoSy) alternatif bir y\u00f6ntem olarak kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve tan\u0131sal do\u011fruluk oranlar\u0131 \u00f6nceki iki y\u00f6ntemle benzerdir. Ancak ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kullan\u0131lan kontrast maddeler (Echovist – Schering AG, Berlin ve SonoVue – Bracco, Milan) ticari olarak art\u0131k bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yerlerini suyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ExEm-jel k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne (hidroksietil sel\u00fcloz ve gliserol, IQ Medical Ventures BV, Rotterdam, Hollanda) b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu teknik HyFoSy olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

ExEm-k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn viskozitesi 270 cP olup %94,12 oran\u0131nda su i\u00e7erir. B\u00f6ylece t\u00fcplerden ge\u00e7ebilecek kadar ak\u0131\u015fkan, en az 5 dakika stabil kalabilecek kadar dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve ultrasonla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilecek kadar ekojeniktir. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcvenli ve iyi tolere edilen bir y\u00f6ntemdir; ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kullan\u0131lan kontrast maddelere k\u0131yasla belirgin yan etkileri yoktur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Kateter ve cihaz<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Kateterin yerle\u015ftirilme tekni\u011fi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tan\u0131sal De\u011fer ve Yan Etkiler<\/h3>

HSG ile HyFoSy tekni\u011fini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran ilk prospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada kad\u0131nlar\u0131n %78\u2019inde t\u00fcplerin a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f, %7\u2019sinde HSG ile do\u011frulanan t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k saptanm\u0131\u015f ve di\u011fer %7\u2019de iki y\u00f6ntem aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 tan\u0131lar elde edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6zlemsel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ise 20 olguda HyFoSy ile laparoskopi bulgular\u0131 aras\u0131nda %100 uyum bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>

HyFoSy, HyCoSy (serum fizyolojik ve hava) ve laparoskopiyi i\u00e7eren 37 kad\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 randomize bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, HyFoSy ile laparoskopi aras\u0131ndaki tan\u0131sal uyum %94, HyCoSy ile laparoskopi aras\u0131ndaki uyum ise %57,8 olarak bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>

Son olarak High Definition Flow (HDF) Doppler tekni\u011fini de i\u00e7eren prospektif g\u00f6zlemsel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, HyCoSy ve HyFoSy sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 laparoskopi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uyum oranlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla %84,2 ve %92,1 bulunmu\u015f; HyFoSy\u2019ye HDF Doppler eklendi\u011finde uyum oran\u0131 %95,8\u2019e ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

T\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sonucu, y\u00f6ntemin y\u00fcksek duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6zellikle HyCoSy ve HyFoSy\u2019nin, HDF Doppler ile birlikte veya tek ba\u015f\u0131na, t\u00fcbal t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek negatif prediktif de\u011fere sahip olmas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekicidir (%99,6, %99,5 ve %99). Bu, t\u00fcbal t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k saptanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda nihai tan\u0131 ile neredeyse tam uyum oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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T\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki a\u011fr\u0131 dahil olmak \u00fczere yan etkiler minimal d\u00fczeydedir. T\u00fcm yazarlar t\u00fcbal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n te\u015fhisinin kolay oldu\u011funu, ancak mukus veya t\u00fcbal spazm nedeniyle olu\u015fan yalanc\u0131 pozitif sonu\u00e7lar sebebiyle t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131k tan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n daha g\u00fcvensiz oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak HyFoSy\u2019nin yaln\u0131zca t\u00fcbal a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede tan\u0131sal oldu\u011fu, t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ise HSG veya laparoskopinin gerekli oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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3D Ultrasonografi ve Doppler Teknikleri<\/h4>

Serum fizyolojik ve hava kullan\u0131lan HyCoSy tekni\u011finde kontrast madde t\u00fcplerde \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcre kal\u0131r ve t\u00fcp\u00fcn t\u00fcm seyri tek kesitte de\u011ferlendirilemez. Bu nedenle, her iki t\u00fcp\u00fcn t\u00fcm uzunlu\u011fu boyunca g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesini sa\u011flayan ve kolayca tekrarlanabilen kodlanm\u0131\u015f kontrast g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemeli 3D ultrasonografi (3D U\/S CCI) tekni\u011fi geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

HyFoSy\u2019de k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn daha stabil olmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcplerde daha uzun s\u00fcre kalmas\u0131 nedeniyle 3D U\/S CCI g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ek avantaj sa\u011flar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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3D U\/S CCI ile elde edilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin 2D ultrasonografi ile benzer kalitede oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Laparoskopik olarak t\u00fcp a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilen 17 kad\u0131nda yap\u0131lan randomize \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, 2D ve 3D HyFoSy sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n laparoskopi ile uyumu s\u0131ras\u0131yla %81 ve %88 bulunmu\u015ftur. Duyarl\u0131l\u0131k ve \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fck de\u011ferleri 2D i\u00e7in %92 ve %80, 3D i\u00e7in ise %91,4 ve %98 olarak saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Ayr\u0131ca 3D y\u00f6ntem daha h\u0131zl\u0131, daha az a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 olup elde edilen g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin i\u015flem sonras\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

2D ve 3D g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemeyi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en g\u00fcncel meta-analizde toplam 30 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. 2D-HyCoSy\u2019nin duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 %86 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fc\u011f\u00fc %94 iken, 3D-HyCoSy\u2019nin duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 %95 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fc\u011f\u00fc %89 bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130ki y\u00f6ntem aras\u0131nda istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 fark bulunmam\u0131\u015f olsa da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131ndaki heterojenlik nedeniyle meta-analizin kalitesi orta d\u00fczeyde de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

Rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ve A\u011fr\u0131<\/h4>

Kontrast maddelerin intrauterin uygulanmas\u0131; kateterin serviksi geni\u015fletmesi, kontrast maddenin uterusu geni\u015fletmesi (prostaglandin sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131), kontrast\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 veya bu fakt\u00f6rlerin kombinasyonu nedeniyle rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ve a\u011fr\u0131ya neden olabilir.<\/p>

Pediatrik balon kateter ile HyCoSy uygulanan 483 hastan\u0131n %30\u2019u a\u011fr\u0131 hissetmedi\u011fini, %49,7\u2019si hafif, %13,5\u2019i orta, %6,8\u2019i \u015fiddetli a\u011fr\u0131 hissetti\u011fini belirtmi\u015f; %4,9\u2019unda vazovagal reaksiyon geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

HyFoSy ile ilgili be\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, klasik HSG\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha az a\u011fr\u0131 oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir. Ancak t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda balon kateter kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu kateterler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u015fiddette de olsa a\u011fr\u0131ya neden olmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca hi\u00e7bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Yunanistan\u2019da \u00fcretici firma taraf\u0131ndan pazarlanan kateter kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

915 hastay\u0131 i\u00e7eren en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ok merkezli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, servikal stenoz nedeniyle ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k oran\u0131 yaln\u0131zca %0,95 olarak bulunmu\u015f; hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu i\u015flemi iyi tolere etmi\u015f ve sadece hafif a\u011fr\u0131 (%60) bildirmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ok az say\u0131da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck komplikasyon g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (2 vazovagal reaksiyon ve 1 sistit vakas\u0131).<\/p>

Kontrast maddenin tipi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u00f6p\u00fck yeterince \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa da, di\u011fer kontrast maddelere g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7 olu\u015fturmas\u0131 nedeniyle daha iyi tolere edilmektedir. Bu nedenle t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar HyCoSy ve HyFoSy\u2019nin daha az a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme y\u00f6ntemleri oldu\u011fu ve rutin profilaktik analjezi gerektirmedi\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ancak antispazmodik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yararl\u0131 olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>

Ven\u00f6z \u0130ntravasasyon<\/h4>

Kontrast maddenin miyometriyum yoluyla uterin ven\u00f6z a\u011fa ge\u00e7mesi, HSG\u2019nin bilinen bir komplikasyonudur ve olgular\u0131n %6,4\u2019\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. HyCoSy \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda intravasasyon oran\u0131 %13,4 olarak bildirilmi\u015f; ince endometriyum ve y\u00fcksek enjeksiyon bas\u0131nc\u0131 risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olarak belirlenmi\u015f, adet bitiminden 5\u20137 g\u00fcn sonra yap\u0131lan incelemelerde riskin daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>

HyFoSy ile ilgili yaln\u0131zca bir intravasasyon vakas\u0131 bildirilmi\u015f olsa da, k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bile\u015fenleri (hidroksietil sel\u00fcloz ve gliserol) intraven\u00f6z kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in bile g\u00fcvenli kabul edildi\u011finden y\u00f6ntem daha g\u00fcvenli say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

Pelvik Enflamatuar Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi<\/h4>

HSG\u2019den bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere yaln\u0131zca \u00f6nceden hidrosalpinks bulunan hastalarda pelvik enflamatuar hastal\u0131k riski artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bu hastalarda profilaktik antibiyotik tedavisi gereklidir. Ayr\u0131ca HyFoSy\u2019de kullan\u0131lan gliserol antimikrobiyal ve antiviral \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir.<\/p>

Gebelik Elde Etme Olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Art\u0131\u015f?<\/h4>

Bug\u00fcne kadar HyFoSy sonras\u0131 gebelik oranlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiren yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6zlemsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Bir retrospektif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada gebelik oran\u0131 %55 olarak bulunmu\u015f ve \u00f6zellikle i\u015flemin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 siklusta ve sonraki iki siklusta daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Daha sonraki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda gebelik oran\u0131 %43,2\u2019ye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde spontan olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ise \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde spontan gebelik oran\u0131 %19,2 olarak bildirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

En g\u00fcncel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Exacoustos ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 spontan gebelik oranlar\u0131n\u0131 ilk ayda %10,2, alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde %29,9 ve on iki ay i\u00e7inde %34,4 olarak bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

KAYNAK\u00c7A:<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

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  16. Exacoustos, A. Pizzo, L. Lazzeri, A. Pietropolli, E. Piccione, and E. Zupi, \u201cThree-dimensional hysterosalpingo contrast sonography with gel foam: methodology and feasibility to obtain 3-dimensional volumes of tubal shape,\u201d\u00a0Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology<\/em>, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 827\u2013832, 2017.<\/li>
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  18. Alc\u00e1zar JL, Martinez A, Duarte M, Welly A, Mar\u00edn A, Calle A, Garrido R, Pascual MA, Guerriero S.Two-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography compared to three\/four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography for the assessment of tubal occlusion in women with infertility\/subfertility: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Hum Fertil (Camb). 2020 Jun 2:1-13.<\/li>
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  20. \u00a0 Dreyer, R. Out, P. G. A. Hompes, and V. Mijatovic, \u201cHysterosalpingo-foam sonography, a less painful procedure for tubal patency testing during fertility workup compared with (serial) hysterosalpingography: a randomized controlled trial,\u201d\u00a0Fertility and Sterility<\/em>, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 821\u2013825, 2014.<\/li>
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  23. Ludwin, W. P. Martins, C. O. Nastri, and A. Ludwin, \u201cPain intensity during ultrasound assessment of uterine cavity and tubal patency with and without painkillers: prospective observational study,\u201d\u00a0Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology<\/em>, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 599\u2013608, 2017.<\/li>
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  25. V Engels, M Medina, E Antol\u00edn, C Ros, A Amaro, C De-Guirior, N Manzour, L Sotillo, R De la Cuesta, R Rodr\u00edguez, L San-Frutos, S Peralta, A Martin-Mart\u00ednez, JL Alc\u00e1zar Feasibility, tolerability, and safety of hysterosalpingo-foam sonography(hyfosy) multicenter, prospective Spanish study J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod Vol.50 no 5 May 2021<\/li>
  26. Onwuchekwa and V. Oriji, \u201cHysterosalpingographic (HSG) pattern of infertility in women of reproductive age,\u201d\u00a0Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences<\/em>, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 178\u2013184, 2017.<\/li>
  27. Wang, Q. Zhou, X. Zhou, Z. Chen, and H. Zhang, \u201cInfluence factors on contrast agent venous intravasation during transvaginal 4-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography,\u201d\u00a0Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine<\/em>, vol. 37, no. 10, pp. 2379\u20132385, 2018.<\/li>
  28. Ludwin, I. Ludwin, and W. P. Martins, \u201cVenous intravasation during evaluation of tubal patency by ultrasound contrast imaging,\u201d\u00a0Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology<\/em>, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 142\u2013146, 2018.<\/li>
  29. Van Schoubroeck, T. V. den Bosch, K. Van Tornout, T. D\u2019Hooghe, and D. Timmerman, \u201cSpontaneous conception afterhysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy),\u201d\u00a0Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology<\/em>, vol. 46, supplement 1, no. S1, pp. 51-51, 2015.<\/li>
  30. Exacoustos, F. Tiberio, B. Szabolcs, V. Romeo, E. Romanini, and E. Zupi, \u201cCan tubal flushing with hysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy) media increase women\u2019s chances of pregnancy?\u201d\u00a0Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology<\/em>, vol. 22, no. 6, p. S238, 2015<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Fallop t\u00fcplerinin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi, infertil kad\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcbal patoloji kad\u0131n infertilitesinin %30\u201340\u2019\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcplerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde alt\u0131n standart y\u00f6ntem, laparoskopi s\u0131ras\u0131nda serviks yoluyla metilen [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118,78,80],"tags":[103,104,102],"class_list":["post-1563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goruntuleme","category-jinekoloji","category-subfertilite","tag-kontrast-maddesi","tag-subfertilite","tag-iisterosalpingografi"],"yoast_head":"\nhisterosalpingo-kontrast sonografi (HyCoSy) - \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03ac\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 MD, PhD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Histerosalpingo-kontrast sonografi (HyCoSy), kontrast madde\/fizyolojik serum ve hava kullan\u0131larak uygulanan alternatif bir y\u00f6ntem olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir ve tan\u0131sal do\u011fruluk oranlar\u0131 konvansiyonel histerosalpingografi (HSG) ve laparoskopi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir d\u00fczeydedir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"histerosalpingo-kontrast sonografi (HyCoSy) - 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